A guide to internet security

Stay smart online

Be sure to protect yourself and your family, your information and your computer from any online security threats.

What are the security threats?

Malicious computer programs

These types of programs can end up on your machine and cause real problems:

• Viruses—computer programs designed to cause undesirable effects on computer systems. Virus infections can be received through email attachments, disks, CDs or websites, and can attach themselves to other programs.
• Worms—self-replicating programs that damage computer networks.
• Trojans—malicious programs disguised as safe ones, which gives people access to your computer without your knowledge.
• Adware—advertising messages that ‘pop up’ on your computer screen.
• Spyware—collects data from your computer—such as what you are doing online—and sends it on to others.
• Keystroke loggers—record information that is typed on the keyboard, which the installer then uses.

Hackers

Hackers are criminals who try to break into your computer system and steal your personal information or cause other troubles.

Spam

Spam is unwanted junk email that may carry viruses in attachments. Many online scams, like ‘phishing’, are sent through email.

Other threats

Scams

Scams may be sent to you through an email or via a fake website. These may cause inconvenience, financial loss and embarrassment to you or your family.

Online advertising

Online marketing techniques may be used to trick you or your family into doing something that may have a negative outcome.

Online predators

These are usually adults who are interested in grooming children online for their own sexual pleasure.

Identity theft

Criminals can steal your personal information and pretend they are you for financial benefit. Other types of online crime also exist where people can obtain a financial advantage illegally.

How to identify common security threats

By using common sense, you can spot many online security threats. Be careful of anything unusual which is happening both on and offline. You should:

• check your bank details and phone accounts regularly for any irregularities;
• take note of any strange phone calls, emails or other communications that may be happening;
• be alert of any new scams that are reported in the media; and
• think twice before you click or download something when online, even if it looks authentic.

How to protect your computer

Malicious code

Use security software, such as anti-virus and anti-spyware programs, to block the malicious code. Update them regularly. Keep your operating system current by installing any available security updates.

Hackers

Use a firewall to block out intruders. A firewall can be set up on your modem, which connects you to the internet, or as a program on your computer.

Spam

Use a spam filter to block unwanted mail. For more step-by-step information on how to protect your computer, go to StaySmartOnline (www.staysmartonline.gov.au).

How to protect your family and yourself

Scams

Don’t respond to any emails that ask you for your bank details. This scam is known as ‘phishing’, where criminals try to get your details and steal your money. Also, don’t open any emails or attachments from people you don’t know.

Online advertising and communication networks

Think twice before you click on anything and ensure the website is secure before entering any personal information.

Online predators

Talk to your children about online risks and the dangers of online predators. Keep your child protection software up to date.

Other ways to protect your family

• Set house rules for your children’s use of the internet.
• Make sure the computer is located in a public area of the home and supervise where appropriate.
• Teach your family about the importance of staying safe online.

How to protect your information

Identity theft

• Use strong passwords (eight or more characters which include numbers).
• Do not keep account details and pin numbers together.
• Do not enter personal, identifiable information into online profiles.
• Immediately delete any emails asking for personal details.

Making a transaction online

• Make sure your online banking is secure.
• Type in the web address yourself and never follow a link, such as to your bank. Shopping online
• Only shop from places you have heard about or you know are reputable.

Computer retailers

Visit reputable computer stores and ask them about how they can help you keep your computer safe. When you first purchase your computer, discuss security issues with the retailer.

Online

Go to these sites for more information on computer security.

• How to protect your computer and conduct smart transactions online— www.staysmartonline.gov.au
• Security portal of the Internet Industry Association— security.iia.net.au
• Australian Competition and Consumer Commission site on scams— www.scamwatch.gov.au
• Australian Communications and Media Authority (go to SpamMatters)— www.acma.gov.au
• Office of the Privacy Commissioner— www.privacy.gov.au
• Crime Stoppers Online— www.crimestoppers.com.au

What to do if you are a victim

If you think you are a victim of an online threat, document everything that has happened and call the authorities. This may include the bank, telephone company, internet service provider and the police. Be sure to block any further transactions from taking place.

Call NetAlert on 1800 880 176 for advice or visit StaySmartOnline (www.staysmartonline.gov.au)

Further advice and resources

NetAlert offers a range of advice, online resources and educational materials free of charge.

About NetAlert

NetAlert is the Australian Government’s online safety program, set up to protect Australian families online. NetAlert is part of the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA).

Contact details

Contact NetAlert at:

PO Box 13112 Law Courts
Melbourne Vic 3000
Tel: 1800 880 176 Fax:
(03) 9963 6899
www.netalert.gov.au

For information in another language, call 131 450 from anywhere in Australia, for the cost of a local call. The Translating and Interpreting Service can call ACMA on your behalf.